السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته
Five-year-olds are cheerful, energetic, and enthusiastic. They enjoy planning, and spend a great deal of time discussing who will do what. They especially enjoy dramatic play, usually with other children. Five-year-olds are more sensitive to the needs and feelings of others around them. It is less difficult for them to wait for a turn or to share toys and material. "Best friends" become very important.
Many 5-year-olds will be going to kindergarten. Be sensitive to the needs of a 5-year-old returning from school. She may want to rest, play by herself, be free for a while from adult-directed activity, or catch up with the group happenings. Pace afternoon kindergarten children during the day with a balance of rest and activity. All-day kindergarten children need to be given every consideration when they return to your home as they may be tired, talkative, hungry, or wanting to share the day's happenings.
Many 5-year-olds will be going to kindergarten. Be sensitive to the needs of a 5-year-old returning from school. She may want to rest, play by herself, be free for a while from adult-directed activity, or catch up with the group happenings. Pace afternoon kindergarten children during the day with a balance of rest and activity. All-day kindergarten children need to be given every consideration when they return to your home as they may be tired, talkative, hungry, or wanting to share the day's happenings.
SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
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PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT
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IDEAS FOR CAREGIVERS
· Encourage body coordination and sense of balance by playing "Follow the Leader" with skipping, galloping, and hopping.
· Teach sack-walking and "twist-em," or "freeze" games to provide an outlet for their drive for physical activity.
· Play games that can teach right and left directions
· Help children learn to use a pair of scissors by letting them cut out coupons.
· Provide a plastic needle, thread, and beads to encourage small muscle development.
· Provide carpentry, take-apart, and put-together experiences with junk clocks and old small appliances.
· Show children how to repair toys and books.
· Add drama to your reading sessions each day by using different voices for different characters. While reading a familiar story, stop before the end and ask children to add their own end to the story.
· Ask 5-year-olds to tell you a story. Write it down and post it on the wall or refrigerator.
· Ask "what if" questions. What if there were 5 little [ducks] instead of 3?
· Involve children in writing "thank-you" notes, cards, and letters. If a 5-year-old enjoys copying letters, let him dictate a short message to you and copy it from your writing. Old typewriters are favorite writing tools.
· Give 5-year-olds opportunities to sort, group, match, count, and sequence with real life situations such as setting the table, counting the number of turns, sorting out socks, and matching fabric swatches.
· Help children learn to make rules and play simple games by providing opportunities for them to play in small groups.
· Help children understand and cope with strong feelings by giving them words to use when they are angry. "I can see you are SAD about going home, ANGRY at your friend ...."
· Observe how a child plays with other children. Teach him to request, bargain, negotiate, and apologize.
· Take questions seriously. Talk to children about what happens and why. Give answers they can understand.
· Specific praise helps children understand the true value of their actions. Say "Stacking those toys on the shelf that way really helped – [jazakallaahu khayr]!" rather than "You did a good job!"
· Provide a comfortable place to be alone. A large cardboard box makes a wonderful hideaway.
· Take fears seriously. Reassure children that you will make sure that nothing bad will happen to them.
· Allow 5-year-olds some privacy in the toilet. Remind them to wash their hands until it becomes a habit.
· Be patient with the untidiness and clutter. Allow plenty of time to clean up. It helps to store and organize materials on low, open shelves so that they can be found and put away easily.
· Five-year-olds will show an increasing interest in numbers. Encourage them to count anything of interest - cups, leaves, drums, number of children absent, meters, etc.
Reprinted with permission from National Network for Child Care - NNCC. Oesterreich, L. (1995). Ages & stages - five-year-olds. In L. Oesterreich, B. Holt, & S. Karas, Iowa family child care handbook [Pm 1541] (pp. 207-210). Ames, IA: Iowa State University Extension.
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